Elements to the lower left of this division line are called metals, while elements to the upper right of the division line are called nonmetals. A diagonal line, drawn from boron (B) to polonium (Po), separates the metals from the nonmetals. Metals occupy the bulk of the periodic table, while non-metallic elements can only be found on the right-hand-side of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Metals are sometimes described as an arrangement of positive ions surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons. Because the valence electrons can move freely, metals are good heat conductors and electrical conductors. Ductility is the ability of a metal to be drawn into wire. Malleability is the ability of a metal to be hammered into shapes. One characteristic of metals is their ability to be deformed without breaking. Many of the properties of metals, including large atomic radius, low ionization energy, and low electronegativity, are due to the fact that the electrons in the valence shell of a metal atoms can be removed easily. Metals are shiny solids are room temperature (except mercury, which is a shiny liquid element), with characteristic high melting points and densities. The bottom two rows of elements beneath the body of the periodic table are the lanthanides and actinides, which are also metals. The basic metals are the element to the right of the transition metals. The transition elements, groups IB to VIIIB, are also considered metals. Group IA and Group IIA (the alkali metals) are the most active metals. Alloys, such as brass and bronze, also are metals. Metals are located on the left side and the middle of the periodic table. Most of the elements on the periodic table are metals, including gold, silver, platinum, mercury, uranium, aluminum, sodium and calcium. Therefore when a metal atom loses electrons it becomes positively charged. Since neutral atoms have equal numbers of electrons (- charge) and protons (+ charge). The solid thus produced is held by electrostatic interactions between the ions and the electron cloud, which are called metallic bonds.Ī metal is defined as any element that loses its outer shell electrons to become stable. Those ions are surrounded by delocalized electrons, which are responsible for the conductivity. In a metal, atoms readily lose electrons to form positive ions (cations). A metal is a chemical element that is a good conductor of both electricity and heat and forms cations and ionic bonds with non-metals. In chemistry, a metal is an element, compound, or alloy characterized by high electrical conductivity.
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